battering ram

As a result of closing the milk outlet downstream of the flow, a decrease in the flow intensity is obtained, which causes a sudden decrease in the kinetic energy of the fluid, and after that, a non-permanent flow is created in the pipe. This decrease in energy appears as an increase in pressure in the pipelines, which sometimes has destructive effects on the pipeline, for example, in large pipelines, it may cause the pipe to burst or damage the control valve. The increase in pressure due to the ram impact phenomenon moves in the form of a series of sinusoidal pressure waves along the pipe at the speed of sound.
One of the ways to prevent pressure increase is to use a surge tank or balance tank. These tanks are made in different types. If there is enough space around the turbine valves, they use a pressure tank with concrete walls, the minimum height of which should be the same as the water behind the dams.
The ram impact device uses an impact tank to neutralize this phenomenon, and you can see the pressure changes in this device using the software and Siton fluid.